Editing the 008 – Fixed Length Data Elements (NR)
The 008 tag of a MARC record contains coded information about the rest of the MARC record. It contains 40 character positions, numbered from 00 to 39. The codes are used in retrieving records, sorting search results, and data management.
The 008 tag is required in all records.
Brief records contain only the MARC tags up to the 300 tag.
If you're creating a brief record, the 008 tag must contain the date entered on file (created automatically in Destiny), language, and cataloging source.
All other elements in the 008 are optional.
|
Note: The 008 tag is defined differently for books, electronic resources, maps, music, serials, visual materials, and mixed materials. |
The following guidelines are for the most common codes used with books:
Date entered on file (positions 00-05)
These six characters represent the date the MARC record was created. Destiny automatically enters this date for new records and preserves any existing date. The date has two digits for the year, two for the month, and two for the day (yymmdd).
|
Example: 230819: The record was entered on August 19, 2023. |
Type of date/Publication status (position 06)
Select an entry from the list that indicates the kind of date or dates that follow. This may be a single date – either the exact date or the probable date of publication.
This may also be multiple dates: a range of dates for a multi-volume set; a reprint date and an original publication date; a publication date and a copyright date; or a range of probable publication dates when the publication date is unknown.
| s | Single known date/probable date |
| m | Multiple dates |
| r | Reprint/reissue date and original date |
| t | Publication date and copyright date |
| q | Questionable date |
Enter the year of publication or the earliest year in a range of dates. When a part of the date is unknown, enter the letter u for any missing digits.
Date 2 (positions 11-14)
These positions are blank when a single date is used.
The second date may be the copyright date, the original date of a reprint, or the latest date of a range of dates. This date also appears in the 260_c (AACR2)/264_c (RDA) or in a 500 tag (original publication note).
|
Important: When you save this MARC record, Destiny compares these 008 dates to the 260_c/264_c contents. If they differ, Destiny changes the 008 dates to match those in the 260_c/264_c. |
|
Example: If you're entering both a publication and copyright date, such as 2012, c2002, you would enter 2012 for Date 1 (positions 7-10) and 2002 for Date 2 (positions 11-14). You would select t = Publication date and copyright date from the Type of date (position 6) list.
|
|||||||||||||||||
Place of publication, production, or execution (positions 15-17)
Most countries have two-letter codes. The United States, Canada, and Great Britain use three-letter codes for subdivisions within the country.
For the United States, the codes include two letters for the state and end in u for United States.
Provinces of Canada end in c, and parts of Great Britain end in k.
Enter the two-letter or three-letter code for the place of publication.
Enter xx when the place of publication is unknown.
With multiple places of publication, the one first mentioned on the title page is used.
You can view the MARC 21 Code List for Countries published by the Library of Congress.
Make sure to enter this information in the 260_a/264_a tag.
|
Examples:
|
Illustrations (positions 18-21)
Select up to four codes to indicate the type of illustrations present in the item.
Make sure to also enter these in the 300_b (physical description details). Enter information about plates in the 300_a (physical description).
Select an entry in the list that describes the intellectual level of the audience for whom the material is intended.
When an item contains information considered appropriate for more than one target audience, select the entry for the primary target audience. This code must agree with the information in the 521 tag.
| a | Preschool | For children up to but not including kindergarten |
| b | Primary | For children in kindergarten through third grade |
| c | Pre-adolescent | For young people in grades 4 through 8 |
| d | Adolescent | For young people in grades 9 through 12 (senior high) |
| e | Adult | |
| f | Specialized | |
| g | General | |
| j | Juvenile | For children and young people through the age of 15 or the 9th grade |
If this item is a microform, large print, Braille, or photocopy, select an entry from the list.
This code should agree with any information you enter in the 245_h (medium) or the 300_a (physical description).
Nature of contents (positions 24-27)
Select up to four checkboxes. Each one-letter code indicates the item is, or contains, the type(s) of material.
Select Bibliographies for an item containing a bibliography, footnotes, or notes in a separate section.
Do not select Indexes when the item contains an index to its own contents.
Enter the information related to these codes in the 245 (title) tag, the 504 (bibliography note) tag, or the 6XX (subject) tags.
|
Examples:
|
Government publication (position 28)
If the item was published by or for a government agency, select the appropriate entry from the list.
Select s for publications of state-owned colleges and universities.
Select l for items produced by public schools or school districts.
Conference publication (position 29)
If the item consists of the proceedings, reports, or summaries of a conference, select "1" from the list.
A festschrift is a collection of essays issued in honor of an individual or a corporate body.
If this item is a festschrift, select "1" from the list. Enter information about the person or institution honored by the publication (usually found on the title page) in the 245 tag.
If this item includes an index to its own contents, select "1" and enter the information in a 500 (general note) tag. If the item also includes a bibliography, enter this information in the 504 (bibliography note) tag instead.
Select an entry from the list that describes the literary form of the item.
Select a numeric code (0 or 1) to provide a generic identification of whether the item is a work of fiction or nonfiction.
Select an alphabetic code to identify specific literary forms.
If this item is a biography, select the type from the list.
Enter a three-character code indicating the language of the item.
For books in more than one language, the predominant language goes here.
The Library of Congress publishes the MARC 21 Code List for Languages.
Some of the most common languages are listed below.
|
Example:
|
This one-letter code indicates whether the information in the record has been modified. This was used on older records when the record was shortened to fit the requirements of the cataloging system.
Cataloging source (position 39)
This one-letter code indicates the creator of the original cataloging record.
When creating a new record, select "d".